Personal Flying Jetpack Machine

       

This Jetpack consists of a built-in gasoline engine driving twin ducted fans which produce sufficient thrust to lift the aircraft and a pilot in vertical takeoff and landing, enabling sustained flight.

Jetpack Development:

Since the beginning of time man has dreamed of personal flight – the ability to fly as free as birds and escape gravity’s pull.

From the 1920s this dream has been refined in film, books and television, with the jetpack portrayed as the ultimate tool for the freedom of flight.

In the 1950s the first serious attempts at building a jetpack produced the Bell Rocket Belt. But the Bell Rocket Belt has some limitations. It is powered by an expensive and hazardous fuel, needs a light weight pilot, is incredibly hard to fly, and, after 50 years of development can only fly for 30 seconds. It is not the practical jetpack the world has been waiting for.

In 1981, as a New Zealand student, started his quest to a build a jetpack that overcame the limitations of the Rocket Belt. With enthusiasm and commitment Glenn has been able to capture the support of a large network of experts who shared his dream.

The rest is history. On 29 July 2008, the world’s first practical jetpack, was revealed to the world and became an international media sensation.

Jetpack Technology:

The Jetpack is constructed from carbon fiber composite, has a dry weight of 250 lbs (excluding safety equipment) and measures 5 ft high x 5.5 ft wide x 5 ft long. It’s driven by a 2.0 L V4 2 stroke engine rated at 200 hp (150 kw), can reach 8000 ft (estimated) and each of the two 1.7 ft wide rotors is made from carbon / Kevlar composite.

There is always risk associated with flying so the Aircraft has been careful to equip the pack with redundant systems that will take over in the event that the main system goes down. If a crash-landing is required, a pilot-operated toggle will rapidly fire a small amount of propellant deploying a ballistic parachute (similar to a car airbag) which will allow the pilot and jetpack to descend together. It also has an impact-absorbing carriage, patented fan jet technology and 1000 hours engine TBO (Time Between Overhaul). Small vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL) are not subject to the same limitations as other helicopters and fixed wing aircrafts but Aircraft have built it to comply with ultra light regulations and therefore suggest it as at least as safe to operate, and claim it is the safest of all jetpacks yet built.

The Jetpack achieves with 30 minutes of flight time and is fueled by regular premium gasoline.

Safety Development:

Roll cage:

A roll cage is a specially constructed frame built in (or sometimes around) the cab of a vehicle to protect its occupants from being injured in an accident, particularly in the event of a roll-over. A roll bar is a single bar behind the driver that provides moderate roll-over protection. Due to the lack of a protective top, some modern convertibles utilize a strong windscreen frame acting as a roll bar. Also, a roll hoop may be placed behind both headrests, which is essentially a roll bar spanning the width of a passenger’s shoulders.

Factor Of Safety:

The Jetpack has a number of mechanical things moving fast….a drive train, Fan jets. All these are designed with far higher “factors of safety” (FOS) than is normal for an aircraft. This was done because of the newness of the design and to cover for unforeseen factors. For instance the Fan blades have a FOS of 5, at the hub and over 10 at the blade.

Parachute:

Production versions of the Jetpack are equipped with a Ballistic Parachute system from Ballistic Recovery Systems. This enables the pilot to be saved from a catastrophic failure down to a reasonably low altitude. Ballistic parachutes can open at very low altitudes, particularly if the aircraft has some forward speed. For this reason the “flight profiles” will be calculated to have the lowest risk possible.

Application:

• Emergency response,
• Defense and recreation, with numerous applications in each sector.

Dual Fuel System

This hydrogen engine takes advantage of the characteristics of Mazda’s unique rotary engine and maintains a natural driving feeling unique to internal combustion engines. It also achieves excellent environmental performance with zero CO2 emissions.

Further, the hydrogen engine ensures performance and reliability equal to that of a gasoline engine. Since the gasoline version requires only a few design changes to allow it to operate on hydrogen, hydrogen-fueled rotary engine vehicles can be realized at low cost. In addition, because the dual-fuel system allows the engine to run on both hydrogen and gasoline, it is highly convenient for long-distance journeys and trips to areas with no hydrogen fuel supply.

Technology of the RENESIS Hydrogen Rotary Engine:

The RENESIS hydrogen rotary engine employs direct injection, with electronically-controlled hydrogen gas injectors. This system draws in air from a side port and injects hydrogen directly into the intake chamber with an electronically-controlled hydrogen gas injector installed on the top of the rotor housing. The technology illustrated below takes full advantage of the benefits of the rotary engine in achieving hydrogen combustion.

 

 

RE Features suited to Hydrogen Combustion

In the practical application of hydrogen internal combustion engines, avoidance of so-called backfiring (premature ignition) is a major issue. Backfiring is ignition caused by the fuel coming in contact with hot engine parts during the intake process. In reciprocal engines, the intake, compression, combustion and exhaust processes take place in the same location—within the cylinders. As a result, the ignition plugs and exhaust valves reach a high temperature due to the heat of combustion and the intake process becomes prone to backfiring.
In contrast, the RE structure has no intake and exhaust valves, and the low-temperature intake chamber and high-temperature combustion chamber are separated. This allows good combustion and helps avoid backfiring.
Further, the RE encourages thorough mixing of hydrogen and air since the flow of the air-fuel mixture is stronger and the duration of the intake process is longer than in reciprocal engines.

Combined use of Direct Injection and Premixing

Aiming to achieve a high output in hydrogen fuel mode, a direct injection system is applied by installing an electronically-controlled hydrogen gas injector on the top of the rotor housing. Structurally, the RE has considerable freedom of injector layout, so it is well suited to direct injection.
Further, a gas injector for premixing is installed on the intake pipe enabling the combined use of direct injection and premixing, depending on driving conditions. This produces optimal hydrogen combustion.
When in the gasoline fuel mode, fuel is supplied from the same gasoline injector as in the standard gasoline engine.

 

Adoption of Lean Burn and EGR

Lean burn and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) are adopted to reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. NOx is primarily reduced by lean burn at low engine speeds, and by EGR and a three-way catalyst at high engine speeds. The three-way catalyst is the same as the system used with the standard gasoline engine.
Optimal and appropriate use of lean burn and EGR satisfies both goals of high output and low emissions. The volume of NOx emissions is about 90 percent reduced from the 2005 reference level.

Dual Fuel System

When the system runs out of hydrogen fuel, it automatically switches to gasoline fuel. For increased convenience, the driver can also manually shift the fuel from hydrogen to gasoline at the touch of a button.

SKYACTIV TECHNOLOGY

Highlights of the SKYACTIV technologies:

• SKYACTIV-G: a next-generation highly-efficient direct-injection gasoline engine with the world’s highest compression ratio of 14.0:1
• SKYACTIV-D: a next-generation clean diesel engine with the world’s lowest compression ratio of 14.0:1
• SKYACTIV-Drive: a next-generation highly-efficient automatic transmission
• A next-generation manual transmission with a light shift feel, compact size and significantly reduced weight
• A next-generation lightweight, highly-rigid body with outstanding crash safety performance
• A next-generation high-performance lightweight chassis that balances precise handling with a comfortable ride

– First product to be equipped with SKYACTIV technology will be a Mazda Demio featuring an improved, fuel-efficient, next-generation direct-injection engine that achieves fuel economy of 30 km/L.

Overview of the SKYACTIV technologies

1. SKYACTIV-G

A next-generation highly-efficient direct-injection gasoline engine that achieves the world’s highest gasoline engine compression ratio of 14.0:1 with no abnormal combustion (knocking)

• The world’s first gasoline engine for mass production vehicles to achieve a high compression ratio of 14.0:1
• Significantly improved engine efficiency thanks to the high compression combustion, resulting in 15 percent increases in fuel efficiency and torque
• Improved everyday driving thanks to increased torque at low- to mid-engine speeds
• A 4-2-1 exhaust system, cavity pistons, multi hole injectors and other innovations enable the high compression ratio

2. SKYACTIV-D

A next-generation clean diesel engine that will meet global emissions regulations without expensive NOx after treatments — urea selective catalytic reduction (SCR) or a Lean NOx Trap (LNT) — thanks to the world’s lowest diesel engine compression ratio of 14.0:1

• 20 percent better fuel efficiency thanks to the low compression ratio of 14.0:1
• A new two-stage turbocharger realizes smooth and linear response from low to high engine speeds, and greatly increases low- and high-end torque (up to the 5,200 rpm rev limit)
• Complies with global emissions regulations (Euro6 in Europe, Tier2Bin5 in North America, and the Post New Long-Term Regulations in Japan), without expensive NOx after treatment

3. SKYACTIV-Drive

A next-generation highly efficient automatic transmission that achieves excellent torque transfer efficiency through a wider lock-up range and features the best attributes of all transmission types

• Combines all the advantages of conventional automatic transmissions, continuously variable transmissions, and dual clutch transmissions
• A dramatically widened lock-up range improves torque transfer efficiency and realizes a direct driving feel that is equivalent to a manual transmission
• A 4-to-7 percent improvement in fuel economy compared to the current transmission

4. SKYACTIV-MT

A light and compact next-generation manual transmission with crisp and light shift feel like that of a sports car, optimized for a front-engine front-wheel-drive layout

• Short stroke and light shift feel
• Significantly reduced size and weight due to a revised structure
• More efficient vehicle packaging thanks to its compact size
• Improved fuel economy due to reduced internal friction

5. SKYACTIV-Body

A next-generation lightweight, highly-rigid body with outstanding crash safety performance and high rigidity for greater driving pleasure

• High rigidity and lightness (8 percent lighter, 30 percent more rigid)
• Outstanding crash safety performance and lightness
• A “straight structure” in which each part of the frame is configured to be as straight as possible. Additionally, a “continuous framework” approach was adopted in which each section functions in a coordinated manner with the other connecting sections
• Reduced weight through optimized bonding methods and expanded use of high-tensile steel

6. SKYACTIV-Chassis

A next-generation high-performance lightweight chassis that balances precise handling with a comfortable ride feel to realize driving pleasure

• Newly developed front strut and rear multilink suspension ensures high rigidity and lightness (The entire chassis is 14 percent lighter than the previous version.)
• Mid-speed agility and high-speed stability — enhanced ride quality at all speeds achieved through a revision of the functional allocation of all the suspension and steering components