SOLAR POWER IN CARS

Solar energy is one of the many renewable sources of energy that is used for fueling vehicles, running consumer products and for the efficient running of homes and business establishments. Solar power is harnessed with the help of solar cells and solar panels which are placed in the item that has to be powered.

The solar car is something that is envisioned to materialize in the future, with some countries already having solar cars racing across countries.
With this, it is proven that it is viable to indeed produce and manufacture solar power cars in bulk, in the near future so that everyone will soon own a solar power car.

Of course, once solar power cars are manufactured, it does not implicate that all other fuel sources for cars on highways will be removed. All that is done in solar power cars is the supplementation of traditional fuel with solar energy so that you save not only on your economy, but also save the environment in more ways than one every year.

The solar power cars that are used in races today run only on solar power, and thus look odd in appearance. This is because these cars are designed in such a way that they can collect maximum solar energy with which it is possible for the car to gain the required speed and desired efficiency.

The solar cells used in solar power cars are large, and usually cover the entire vehicle. However in case of commercial uses, solar cells are much smaller and designed so that the vehicle not only looks attractive, but is also efficient in its functioning. Solar cars can be used for short commutes in town as these cars can work only on solar energy.

The batteries found in the vehicle stores excess solar power so that this power can be used when solar power is not available on demand like on cloudy days and at nighttime. The engines found in these solar power cars are very much like the engines found in electric cars found today. In addition to this, the cars are lightweight, so that solar power can be used more efficiently.

At present, there are many types of solar power cars in the development stage today, which are also available for sale. However as these cars are in the developmental stage, the car is not available to the general public. With so many benefits found in solar power cars, its cost will not be much higher than the cost of the traditionally powered vehicles of today.

Another benefit of solar power cars is there is no hassle of stopping at gas stations for gas nor is there the need of getting worried of rising gasoline costs. With a solar power car, you save on the money that you would have otherwise have needed for buying fuel to run your car. In addition to this, with solar power cars you will be doing your bit in stopping global warming problems as there are no fuel emissions from solar power cars.

Mechanical Engineering Seminar Topics List 2

Air Powered Cars Ablative Materials Aerospace Propulsion Combustion Research Advanced Cooling Systems Active roll-over protection system in Automobiles Air Cushion Vehicles Advances in composite materials Aircraft Egress Advanced Rocket Motors V GENERATION FIGHTER PLANES Air suspension system Aerospace Flywheel Development Adaptive contol Air Casters Advanced Battery and Fuel Cell Development for EV Adaptive Active Phased Array Radars Collision warning system Activated Flyash As A Binder In Pavement Aerodonetics DISKBRAKES MACHINE INTERFACE Airbags & ABS Air Monitoring Advanced Quadruped Robot – BigDog Actuator systems based on Piezoelectric ceramics Acid sulphate soils/estuarine wetlands rehabilitation Aircraft Propeller Air- Augmented Rocket Advances In Capillary Fluid Modelling Aerospikes Air Pollution Control Advanced Propulsion Methods Active Front Lighting System Aircraft design Advanced Off-set printing Advanced Plastics AeroCapture

Pulse Detonation Engine Floating Solar Power Station Advances In Capillary Fluid Modelling Continuously Variable Transmission Hybrid Motorcycles Machine Vision Space Elevator Crew Exploration Vehicles Vacuum Braking System ACC-Plus(Adaptive Cruise Control+ System Micro/Meso-scale Manufacturing Magneto Abrasive Flow Machining Turbines in silicon Self-Healing Polymer Technology Variable Length Intake Manifold (VLIM) Hybrid Synergy Drive (HSD) Launching Space Vehicles from Moon Advanced Propulsion Methods Pseudoelasticity and Shape Memory in Metal Nanowires Quantum Chromo Dynamics MEMS In Industrial Automation Stirling engine Fluid Energy Milling Snake Well Drill Infrared Thermography New Age Tyres Shock Waves & Shock Diamonds Camless engine with elctromechanical valve actuator

Advances In Capillary Fluid Modelling Hybrid Motorcycles* Machine Vision Crew Exploration Vechicles ACC-Plus(Adaptive Crusie Control+) System Micro/Meso-scale Manufacturing Turbines in silicon Self-Healing Polymer Technology Hybrid Synergy Drive (HSD) Launching Space Vechicles from Moon Pseudoelasticity and Shape Memory in Metal Nanowires Quantum Chromo Dynamics MEMS In Industrial Automation Fluid Energy Milling Snake Well Drill Infrared Thermography Shock Waves & Shock Diamonds Camless engine with elctromechanical valve actuator Aircraft Egress Molecular Engineering Cordless Tools Free Form Modelling Based on N-Sided Surfaces Functional Nanocrystalline Ceramics Frictionless Compressor Technology Kalina cycle Programmable keyless entry Micromanipulating Micromachine Infrared Curing And Convection Curing Ball Piston machines Autonomous Submarines Automated Highways Pint Sized Power Plants Abrasive Blast Cleaning Air Powered Cars Magnetic Nanocoposites Electrochemical Machining (ECM) & EBM~ Space Robotics Rijke Tube Electromagnetic Bomb Cell Integration Into A Manufacturing System~ Plasma Arc welding Trends in welding Hydrogen Vehicle~ New Rolling Techniques Valvetronic Engine Technology FMS (Flexible Manufacturing Systems) Latest in hitech petrol fuel injection –GDI (Gasoline direct Injection) Underwater wind mill Microfluidics Aircraft Propeller~ Micromixers Nono Fluidics Electronic Road Pricing System~ Micro Heat Exchangers Low inertia dics clutches Electronbeam Machining~ nanobatteries Micro hydraulics Virtual Reality~ Touch trigger probes Solid carbide end mills Ocean Thermal Energy(12) DARK ROOM machining Green Manufacturing Modeling and simulation Lean Burn Spark Ignition Engine(13) Logistics and supply chain management Machine tools vibration, Noise & condition monitoring Ergonomics Safety Systems Nuclear Power Potential as Major Energy Source Energy Conversion and Management Active Electrically Controlled Suspension Special materials for high temperature applications Camless engine with elctromechanical valve actuator Perpetual Motion Machines Recent Trends in Quality Management New trends in Automobile Design Advanced Cooling Systems Fuels from Plastic Wastes Composite materials Geo-Thermal Energy Engineering Applications of Nylon 66 Intelligent manufacturing Variable Valve Timing In I.C. Engines Agile manufacturing Responsive manufacturing Air Cushion Vehicles Human Artificial organs Advances in cutting tool technology Electric Automobiles High speed Railway coaches Hydraulic railway recovery systems Drive-By Wire Systems Pendolina system for railway passenger comfort Safety features of railway rolling stock Hyperplane Fuel Cell Airplane Selective Catalytic Reduction Skid Steer Loader And Multiterrain Loader Control Of Point Of Operation Hazards Air Powered Cars CVT Pneumatics Control Systems Computer Aided Process Planning (Capp) Green Engine Sensotronic Brake Control Space Robotics F1 Track Design And Safety Thermal Barrier Coatings Biomechatronic Hand Total Productive Maintenance Design, Analysis, Fabrication And Testing Of A Composite Leaf Spring HANS Cryogenic Grinding Hydro Drive Explosive Welding Frictionless Compressor Technology

Mechanical Engineering Seminar Topics List 1

Special materials for ultra low temperature applications
Magnetic Bearing
Solar power Tower
Cylinder Deactivation
Electric Rocket Engine
Micro scale regenerative Heat Exchanger
Semi automatic transmission
Ergonomics
Electrostatic precipitator
Space stations
Semi solid Casting
Antilock Braking System
Reusable Launch Vehicles
Crystaline Silicon Solar Cells
Ball valve
Magnetic Bearing
Space Robotics
Ocean Thermal Energy
Lean Burn Spark Ignition Engine
Variable Speed Drives
Durable Prototyping
Simple Constitutive Models for Linear and Branched Polymers
Hydrogen Fuel Tank
Portable Power
Cryogenic Ball Valves
Telematics
Computer Modelling
LASER Sintering
In Mould Lamination Technique
Thermostatic Refrigerator
Space ShuttleSemisolid Casting
The Atomic Battery
Smart combustors
Biofiltration
Magnetic Refrigeration
Hydro Jetting
E85Amoeba Organization
Recent Advances in Statistical Quality Control
Cylinder Deactivation
Sustainable Engineering
Hydro Drive
Expert Technician System
Re-Entry Of Space Vehicle
Supercavitation
Micro-Scale Milling
stratified charge engine
CVCC
Tip Tronic Gear transmission
STEP CAD
New Age Tyres
Smart Materials
Wind From The Sun-Power Plant
Solar Powered Refrigerator
Liquid Hydrogen as an Aviation Fuel
Robotic Pioneering
BlueTec
Active Electrically Controlled Suspension
Air Cushion Vehicles
Babbitt metal
Hyperplane
Robotic Assistants For Aircraft Inspectors
Robots In Radioactive Environments
Therrmophoresis
Modern Air Pollution Control Technologies
Common Rail Direct Injection (Crdi) Engines
Thermo Hygrometer
Future of Portable Power
Automobile Air Conditioning
Transfer Machines
Micro- and Nano-Mechanics of Surface Contact Plasticity
Spark Sintering
IT Application in Complex Syatem Analysis
Research and Materials of Armor Design
Carbon Nanotubes
Wireless Energy Transmission
Hydraulic Elevators
Solar Heat Energy Storage In Phase Change Materials
Dynamics of Cutting Viscoelastics Materials
Snaps To Replace Screws
Vibration control Techniques
Pyrometers
Power From Space For Use On Earth
Advanced Propulsion Methods
Super Charging
Metal-Matrix Composite Processing
VANOS (Variable Nockenwellen Steuerung)
Frictionless Compressor Technology
Bearing Life Measurements
Hybrid Synergy Drive
Risks of Nano Engineered Particles
Rotating Scroll Power Compressor
Nano Spreader Cooling
Self Extinguishing PVC’s
Electromagnetic Clutches
Hypersonic Space Planes
Rapid Design for Lean Manufacturing
Bio-ethanol As Fuel
Snake robots
Compression Tube fittings
Supercase Hardening process
Over-the-wing Engine mount configration
Personal Transporters
Magnetic refrigeration
Design of an active car chassis frame incorporating magneto rheological fluid
All- wing Technology
High speed Propellers
MEMS “ a pollution free option for power generation
Improving aerodynamic performance of an aerospace vehicle
Electromagnetic Brakes
Antimatter -the ultimate energy
Lean to Steer Concept
Helicopters
Tidal technology
Thin Vacuum Conveyors
Hybrid vehicles
Six stroke engines
Scramjet engine
Probabilistic design of mechanical components
Regenerative braking
Damage identification in aging aircraft structures with piezoelectric wafer active sensors
3 Axis Digital Accelerometer
Smart material actuators
Biologically inspired robots
mass airflow sensor
Guided Missiles
Computational Fluid Dynamics
Data Fusion for Quality Improvements
Rocket Powered Aircraft
Space Shuttle
Hybrid Wind Electrolysis System
Cargo Storage in Space
Self Healing Space crafts
Elecro Magnetic Flowmeters
Green Factory
Threadless Couplings
Micro Moulding
Metal Nanoshells
Floating Wind mills
Micro Hydraulics
Diamond Cutting Tool And Coatings
Ball Piston machines
Atkinson cycle engine
Artificially Engineered Material Composites
Atomistic Characterization of Dislocation Nucleation and Fracture
Hy-Wire Car
CFD/FEM/FEA/CAE
Aerodonetics
Compound Vortex Controlled Combustion(
Orbital/Space Mechanics
Aerospace Propulsion
HANS-In F1 Racing
Advanced composites
Random vibrations
Cryogenic Grinding
Fuzzy logic in Aircraft stability
Airport management
Hydro Drive(
High angle of attack aerodynamics
Latest Trends in Automotive Engg.& Technology
Frictionless Compressor Technology
Conditional monitoring & fault Diagnosis
Bio-degradable polymers
Metal-Matrix Composite Processing(
Mechanical torque limitors
Ceramic fastners
Multi Valve Engine(
Pump Noise level reduction methods
Polymers castings
Biomass Fuelled Power Plant(
Low Gloss ABS system
Nanorobotics
Fuel Cells on Aerospace
Wind engineering
Aircraft design
BlueTec
Multiple material milling platform
Smart Pnuematics
Infrared Curing And Convection Curing(
Digital manufacturing
Hydroplane
Robots In Radioactive Environments
Lean engineering
Modular Workstations
Threadless Couplings
Supercavitation(
Robotic roller coasters
Energy saving motors
Carbon nanotube cloths
Continuously Variable Transmission(
Nuclear fuel reprocessing
Solar Power Satellite
Air Powered Car
Biomass Fuelled Power Plant
Self Healing Spacecrafts
Fractal Robot
Superconducting Rotating Machines
Heat caps
Corrosion resistant gear box
Scrubber(
Cam less Engines
tire & wheel without pneumatics
Active Electrically Controlled Suspension
Variable compression ratio engine
Electric power steering units
Dynamic Ride Control (DRC)
Oil Depletion in the World(
Automatic transmission tiptronic, 5-speed
Driver information system (DIS)
Sensotronic Braking System
Cargo storage in space
Molecular hinges
Aspheric lenses
Bioreactors
Jet Stream windmill
Flyash Utilisation
Mesotechnology
High Altitude Aeronautical Platforms
Automotive Infotainment
Advanced Plastics
Contactless energy transfer system
Handheld Radiation detector
Sea Power
Harvesting Wave power
Bench top wind tunnels
Molten oxide electrolysis
Ultra Nano Crystallline Diamond
Energy efficient turbo systems
Collision warning system
Antiroll suspension system
Porous Burner Technology
Brake Assisting Systems
Smart Autoreeling mechanism
Direct Manufacturing
Fuel cell powered Go-Karts
Nano in navy
Active roll-over protection system in Automobiles
Nanoscale Armor
Brake booster
biturbo
Double-wishbone suspension
Dynamic shift program (DSP)
E-gas
Adaptive air suspension
Small Satellites
Robot driven cars
Process Automation Techniques
DurAtomic Process
Intelligent Compact drives
Portable X-RaY Fluorescence Analyser
CeramicLike Coatings
Rotating Parallel Grippers
Jelly Filled Telephone Cables
Aluminium Alloy Conductors
HalBach array
Magnetic Levitation
Magnetic Launching
MicroTopography
Collision warning Systems
Active Front Lighting System
Carbon Nanotubes
Microbial Fuel Cells
Elecromagnetic Valves
Stealth Radar
Self Aware Robots
Eco-Freiendly Surface Treatments
Rapid Injection Moulding
Carbon Foam-Military Applications
Jet Powered Boat
Abrasive Etching
Air Casters
Airbags & ABS~
High Speed Precise Gear Boxes
Smart Ammunitions
Robotics~
Sono bouys
Active Decoy Systems
Full Colour 3D Modelling Using Rapid Prototyping
Underwater Welding~
Micro Gravity
AeroCapture
Single Crystal Turbine Aerofoil
Space Station~
Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM)
Sky Rocket
Jetex Engine
Electrochemical Machining (ECM) & EBM~
Concept Cars
Research Aircrafts
Hydroplane
Cell Integration Into A Manufacturing System~
Micro Batteries
ArcJet Rocket
Global Positioning System~
Pulsed Plasma Thruster
Resistojet Rocket
Floating Power Stations~
Water Rocket
Ablative MAterials
Aircraft Propeller~
Air- Augmented Rocket
Aerospikes
Space Shuttle Boosters
Electronic Road Pricing System~
Advanced Rocket Motors
Space Shuttle
Rocket Powered Aircraft
Electronbeam Machining~
Hydrogen Generation via Wind Power Electrolysis
Combustion Research
Virtual Reality~
Liquid Injection Thrust Vectoring (LITV)
Energy Saving Motors
Blended Winged Aircraft
Nanoscale Fractals
Nanomaterial Based Catalyst
Regenerative Fuel Cells
Self Repairing Composites
Laod Sensing Hydraulics
Modular workstations
Stereoscopic Projection Systems
Virtual Reality Visualisation
Steer- By -Wire
Advanced Off-set printing

Vertical screw conveyors

A vertical screw conveyor conveys material upward in a vertical path. It requires less space than some other types of elevating conveyors. Vertical screw conveyor can handle most of the bulk materials provided there is no large lump. The maximum height is usually limited to 30m.

A vertical screw conveyor consists of a screw rotating in a vertical casing. The top bearing for the screw shaft must be designed to stand against radial and thrust loads. A suitable inlet port at the lower end and a discharge port at the upper end of the casing are provided. Feeding a vertical screw conveyor deserves careful consideration. Most materials are fed to the vertical conveyor by a straight or offset horizontal feeder conveyor. The ideal operation of a vertical screw conveyor is to have a controlled and uniform volume of material feeding.

Uneven feeding and start stop operation may adversely affect the performance of the vertical screw conveyor in terms of speed, capacity and horse power.

Average capacities and speeds of vertical conveyor

Nominal diameter of screw in mm	Capacities in m3/hr	Speed of screw
150	10	Up to 400 RPM
250	35	300 RPM
300	75	250 RPM
400	170	200 RPM

Vertical screw conveyors or some special design of vertical screw conveyor finds wide application in ship unloading.

Practical experience with these conveyors has shown that the resistance factor for vertical conveyors is higher than those of the horizontal conveyors. Resistance factor λ may be taken as 5.5 to 7.5 for grains. 6.5 to 8.3 for salt.

The driving power of the loaded screw conveyor is given by:

P = P_H + P_N + P_st

Where,

P_H = Power necessary for the progress of the material

P_N = Driving power of the screw conveyor at no load

P_st = Power requirement for the inclination of the conveyor

Power necessary for the progress of the material P_H:

For a length L of the screw conveyor (feeder), the power PH in kilo watts is the product of the mass flow rate of the material by the length L and an artificial friction coefficient λ, also called the progress resistance coefficient.

P_H = I_m.L. λ.g / 3600 (kilowatt)

= I_m.L. λ / 367 (kilowatt)

Where,

I_m = Mass flow rate in t/hr

λ = Progress resistance coefficient

Each material has its own coefficient λ. It is generally of the order of 2 to 4. For materials like rock salt etc, the mean value of λ is 2.5. For gypsum, lumpy or dry fine clay, foundry sand, cement, ash, lime, large grain ordinary sand, the mean value of λ is 4.0.

In this connection it should be noted that the sliding of the material particles against each other gives rise to internal friction. Other resistance due to grading or shape of the output discharge pattern contributes to the resistance factor. That is why the parameter λ is always higher than that due to pure friction.

Drive power of the screw conveyor at no load, P_N:

This power requirement is very low and is proportional to the nominal diameter and length of the screw.

P_N = D.L / 20 (Kilowatt)

Where,

D = Nominal diameter of screw in meter

L = Length of screw conveyor in meter

Power due to inclination: P_st

This power requirement will be the product of the mass flow rate by the height H and the acceleration due to gravity g.

P_st = I_m.H.g / 3600

= I_m.H / 367

H should be taken positive for ascending screws and will be negative for descending screws.

Total power requirement:

The total power requirement is the sum total of the above items

P = (I_m (λ.L + H) / 367) + (D.L /20) (Kilowatt)