3D SIMULATION

Design Validation:

• Accelerate new product development
• Switch to alternate or cheaper material
• Reduce Prototyping costs
• Improve product quality and performance
• Enhance reliability

Responding To Design Challenges:

• Improve complex product designs
  • Enhanced function and performance
  • Meet product specification and / or regulation

• Reduce Re-Design
  • Design right first time
  • Weight and shape optimization
• Early problem detection and correction
  • Avoid field failures
  • Study alternative designs
• Greater product quality
  • Efficient and reliable
  • Reduced liability

CAE Solutions:

• Development of indigenous technologies and products
• Enumeration of methods for Analysis to test correlations
• Procedure for Failure mode and Prediction and Life Calculations
• Value Addition and Value Engineering (VAVE)
• Reduction in Cost and Product development time
• Elimination of Performance problems
• Improvement in performance efficiency

COSMOS Salient Features:

• Theory in Finite Element Analysis including procedure for performing FEA
• Practical solution to complex problems involving multi-domain interaction
• Correlation to real world problems and phenomena
• Advanced training on Fatigue, Non-Linear FEA and Vibrations

Why COSMOS for Design Validation:

• CAD Integrated Design validation
• Easy to use and Shorter Learning Curve
• Evaluate multiple Design scenarios in one stroke
• Integrated Kinematic Analysis using Cosmos Motion
• Seamless transfer of loading from COSMOS Motion to COSMOS  Works for FEA
• Multi Domain Analysis in Integrated CAD Environment

SolidWorks / COSMOS Simulation benefits:

• Easy-to-Use Simulation toolset – Enables designers to concentrate on designs not tools
• Automatic Report Generation
• Multiple configurations of designs can be studied automatically – enables Design of Experiments
• Unlimited Model size – limited only by Computational resources
• True Contact simulation for accurate load transfer
• Sensors and Probes to compare results with Real-World Test Data
• Fast, Accurate and Reliable – Backed by almost 3 Decades of experience

3D SIMULATION

Design Validation:

• Accelerate new product development
• Switch to alternate or cheaper material
• Reduce Prototyping costs
• Improve product quality and performance
• Enhance reliability

Responding To Design Challenges:

• Improve complex product designs
  • Enhanced function and performance
  • Meet product specification and / or regulation

• Reduce Re-Design
  • Design right first time
  • Weight and shape optimization
• Early problem detection and correction
  • Avoid field failures
  • Study alternative designs
• Greater product quality
  • Efficient and reliable
  • Reduced liability

CAE Solutions:

• Development of indigenous technologies and products
• Enumeration of methods for Analysis to test correlations
• Procedure for Failure mode and Prediction and Life Calculations
• Value Addition and Value Engineering (VAVE)
• Reduction in Cost and Product development time
• Elimination of Performance problems
• Improvement in performance efficiency

COSMOS Salient Features:

• Theory in Finite Element Analysis including procedure for performing FEA
• Practical solution to complex problems involving multi-domain interaction
• Correlation to real world problems and phenomena
• Advanced training on Fatigue, Non-Linear FEA and Vibrations

Why COSMOS for Design Validation:

• CAD Integrated Design validation
• Easy to use and Shorter Learning Curve
• Evaluate multiple Design scenarios in one stroke
• Integrated Kinematic Analysis using Cosmos Motion
• Seamless transfer of loading from COSMOS Motion to COSMOS  Works for FEA
• Multi Domain Analysis in Integrated CAD Environment

SolidWorks / COSMOS Simulation benefits:

• Easy-to-Use Simulation toolset – Enables designers to concentrate on designs not tools
• Automatic Report Generation
• Multiple configurations of designs can be studied automatically – enables Design of Experiments
• Unlimited Model size – limited only by Computational resources
• True Contact simulation for accurate load transfer
• Sensors and Probes to compare results with Real-World Test Data
• Fast, Accurate and Reliable – Backed by almost 3 Decades of experience

PLASTIC

Plastics are excellent materials with unique and very useful properties. You can produce just about anything you can imagine using plastics.

Characteristics of Plastics

History Of Plastics:

1. Before Plastics—Age of the Natural Resins

• Rubber—Tough elastic substance (light cream or dark amber
  colored) from the milky juice (sap) of rubber tree
• Ebonite—Hard black rubber; natural rubber + sulfur
• Gutta-Percha—Dark brown substance like natural rubber
• Shellac—dark-brown material from lac insects

2. Bakelite—The First True Synthetic Plastics

• Leo Hendrik Baekeland invented Bakelite from coal
• Bakelite helped make 20th century “The Age of Electricity”

3. Industrialization of Major Plastics

Year	Type of plastics	Note
1872	Celluloid (Hyatt, USA)	Semi-synthetic
1910	Phenolic resin, “Bakelite” (Baekeland, USA)	From coal
1931	Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) (Rohm and Haas, Ger-many)	From coal
1935	Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) (IG Farben, Germany)	From coal
1935	Polystyrene (IG Farben, Germany)	From oil
1938	Nylon 6 (IG Farben, Germany)
1939	Nylon 66 (DuPont, USA)	From coal
1939	High-pressure low-density polyethylene (LDPE) (ICI, Eng-land)
1953	Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) (DuPont, USA)
1953	Low-pressure high-density polyethylene (HDPE) (Montecatini, Italy)	Ziegler catalyst
1955	Medium-pressure high-density polyethylene (HDPE) (Phillips, USA)	Phillips catalyst
1957	Low-pressure high-density polyethylene (HDPE) (Hoechst, Germany)	Ziegler catalyst
1959	Polypropylene (Montecatini, Italy)
1977	Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) (UCC, USA)
1991	Metallocene very-low-density polyethylene (VLDPE) (Exxon, USA)	Metallocene cata-lyst

4. Concept of High Molecular Weight Compounds & Polymers

• Herman Staudinger, German chemist, proposed a new theory that several thousands of reactive units bonded together in chains and form giant molecules to make up cellulose and rubber
• In 1920, Staudinger proposed calling such materials: high molecular weight compounds, macromolecules, or polymers.

5. Nylon—The First Tailor-Made Plastics

• 1931 – Fiber 66 was produced, later called Nylon 66 in 1938